Linux Ubuntu 常用指令

cd <path> # change directory
cd .. # go to parent directory
cd ~ # go to home directory

ls # list directory
ls -al # list directory with hidden files

mkdir <directory name> # make directory
touch <file name> # create file

rm <file name> # remove file
rm -r <directory name> # remove directory

mv <file name> <new file name> # rename file
mv <file name> <directory name> # move file to directory

cp <file name> <new file name> # copy file
cp <file name> <directory name> # copy file to directory

cat <file name> # show file content
nano <file name> # edit file

chmod 777 <file name> # change file permission to 777, means everyone can read, write and execute this file

sudo <command> # run command as superuser
sudo apt-get install <package name> # install package
sudo apt-get remove <package name> # remove package
sudo apt-get update # update package
sudo apt-get -y upgrade # upgrade package
sudo apt-get -y dist-upgrade # upgrade package with distribution
sudo apt-get autoremove # remove unused package
sudo apt-get clean # clean cache

wget <url> # download file from url

ps aux # show all process
ps aux | grep -i <process name> # show process with name

lsof -i:<port> # show process with port
kill -9 <pid> # kill process with pid
pidof <process name> # show process with name